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... as if the economy were simply “out there,”
beyond
all textual and discursive determination and interpretation.
(D. Ruccio. 2003)
Canadaimmigrants provides a selection of research
papers and articles on racism and immigration in Canada.
10.
Jeffrey Reitz.
Immigrant Skill Utilization in the Canadian Labour Market: Implications
of Human Capital Research.
"The Canadian economy is losing up to $2.4 billion because immigrants'
skills are underutilized and up to $12.6 billion because they are
underpaid." October, 2001.
http://www.utoronto.ca/ethnicstudies/Reitz_Skill.pdf
21.
Mario Vargas Llosa.
The Immigrants.
"Immigration regardless of color is a shot of life, energy,
and culture. It should be considered a blessing by receiving countries.
1996."
http://www.caretas.com.pe/1470/mvll/mvll.htm
TEXT IN SPANISH
35.
Eduardo Galeano.
Workers' Rights. A subject for archeologists?
Fear to unemployment, which is used by employers to reduce labour costs
and to increase productivity, is the most universal source of anxiety
nowadays. 2003.
http://www.patriagrande.net/uruguay/eduardo.galeano/escritos/un.tema.para.arqueologos.htm
TEXT IN SPANISH
39.
Canadian Labour & Business Centre
Labour Market Integration: Issues And Challenges For New Immigrants
The More Education, The Deeper The “Penalty.”
http://www.clbc.ca/files/Reports/IHB_section_c.pdf
40. Cheryl Teelucksingh and Grace –
Edward Galabuzi.
Impact of Race and Immigrants Status on Employment Opportunities and
Outcomes in the Canadian Labour Market
Race continues to be a major factor in the distribution of opportunities
in the Canadian labour market and by extension in determining the life
chances of racialized peoples and immigrants in Canada. November, 2005.
http://ceris.metropolis.net/PolicyMatter/2005/PolicyMatters22.pdf
41. ILO.
Merchants of labor: Agents of the evolving migration infrastructure
Private agents have come to dominate recruitment and deployment in many
labour-sending nations, raising concerns that range from the equity of
lower-wage migrants often paying the highest fees to the fact that
private agents may have interests that are different from those of
employer, migrants and governments. International Institute for Labour
Studies. 2005.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/inst/download/merchants.pdf
43. Statistics Canada.
The Dynamics of Overqualification: Canada’s Underemployed University
Graduates
More than one-half (52%) of recent immigrants with a university degree
worked in a job requiring only high school education at some point
during the six-year period. This was almost twice the proportion of 28%
among their Canadian-born counterparts. April, 2006.
http://www.statcan.ca/english/research/11-621-MIE/11-621-MIE2006039.pdf
44. Alberta Federation of Labour.
The Boom, Union Busting, and Temporary Foreign Workers
Plans to Import Workers a "Lose-Lose Proposition."
"In reality, the attempt by employers to import workers is an attempt
to drive down wages and bust unions."
http://www.afl.org/campaigns-issues/tempworker/backgrnd.cfm
47. Statistics Canada
Chronic Low Income and Low-income Dynamics Among Recent Immigrants
Changes in entering immigrant characteristics altered the face of the
immigrant chronically poor in that more had higher levels of education and
were in the skilled economic class. For example, in the 2000 cohort, 52%
of those in chronic low income were skilled economic immigrants, and 41%
had university degrees. 2007.
http://www.statcan.ca/english/research/11F0019MIE/11F0019MIE2007294.pdf
49. Erik R Girard; Herald Bauder
Assimilation and Exclusion of Foreign Trained Engineers in Canada:
Inside a Professional Regulatory Organization
Professional labour markets in Ontario, Canada, are culturally
regulated to the disadvantage of foreign-born and foreign-trained
immigrant practitioners. February, 2007.
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-8330.2007.00505.x
50. Statistics Canada.
The Canadian Immigrant Labour Market in 2006: First Results from
Canada’s Labour Force Survey
Immigrants who had landed since 2001 (or very recent immigrants, those
who landed in Canada 5 or less years prior to 2006) had the most
difficulty in the labour market in 2006, followed by those who landed
between 1996 and 2001.
http://www.statcan.ca/english/freepub/71-606-XIE/71-606-XIE2007001.pdf
51. Statistics Canada.
Earnings and Incomes of Canadians Over the Past Quarter Century, 2006
Census.
Earnings disparities between recent immigrants and Canadian-born workers
increased not only during the two previous decades, but also between
2000 and 2005. Stats Can. May 2008.
http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/analysis/income/pdf/97-563-XIE2006001.pdf
52. Statistics Canada.
Study: Immigrants' education and required job skills 1991 to 2006
Established immigrants—those who had
lived in Canada for between 11 and 15 years—had more difficulty finding
jobs reflecting their educational attainment in 2006 than they did in
1991. During this 15-year period, the proportion of long-term immigrants
with a university degree in jobs with low education requirements, such
as clerks, truck drivers, salespeople, cashiers and taxi drivers, rose
steadily.
http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/75-001-x/2008112/pdf/10766-eng.pdf
54. Philip Oreopoulos
Why Do Skilled Immigrants Struggle in the Labor Market? A Field
Experiment with Six Thousand Résumés
Among the findings, the author found that interview request
rates for English named applicants with Canadian education and
experience were more than three times higher compared to resumes with
Chinese, Indian, or Pakistani names with foreign education and
experience (5 percent versus 16 percent), but were no different compared
to foreign applicants from Britain.
http://www.riim.metropolis.net/Virtual Library/2009/WP09-03.pdf
55. Reginald Horsman
Race and Destine Manifest:
The Origins of American Racial
Anglo-Saxons. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1981. 367 pp
http://books.google.ca/books?id=9TSc3iKP3ZkC&printsec=frontcover&dq="reginald+horsman"&hl=en&ei=GP5yTIizN9ntnQepmsXtDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false
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